Please
credit NOAA, the National Oceanic Disaster Failure Bureaucratic
Mess Gross Negilgence Criminal Indolence Professionell Cover-up Obstruction the
Truth Paralitic Jerks Department of
Commerce Ad hoc-Administration
***
NOAA REACTS QUICKLY TO INDONESIAN TSUNAMI
Dec.
26, 2004 � NOAA scientists acted quickly
when a warning was issued about the powerful undersea earthquake in
the Indian Ocean that triggered a devastating tsunami.
Within minutes following an alarm signaling the strong earthquake, the
NOAA Pacific Tsunami Warning
Center in Hawaii issued an information bulletin to nations in the
Pacific at 8:14 p.m. EST Saturday, indicating that a magnitude 8.0 earthquake
(later upgraded to magnitude 9.0) had occurred off the west coast of
Northern Sumatra, Indonesia. Because the earthquake, reported to be
one of the strongest in the world in the past 40 years, occurred in
the Indian Ocean, not the Pacific, there was no threat of a tsunami
to Hawaii, the West Coast of North America or to other coasts in the
Pacific Basin—the U.S. area of responsibility. (Click
NOAA image for larger view of Indonesia tsunami epicenter map. Click
here for high resolution version, which is a large file. Please
credit “NOAA.”)
Within
a few hours of learning of the tsunamis that killed thousands in Indonesia
Saturday night, Vasily
Titov, associate director of the Tsunami
Inundation Mapping Efforts, or TIME, at the NOAA Pacific Marine
Environmental Laboratory in Seattle, Wash., and his counterpart in Japan
had created preliminary model estimates of the event.A tsunami is a series of ocean waves generated by any rapid large-scale disturbance of the sea water. Most tsunamis are generated by earthquakes, but they may also be caused by volcanic eruptions, landslides, undersea slumps or meteor impacts.
In 1963 the term "tsunami" was adopted internationally to describe this natural phenomenon. A Japanese word, it is the combination of the characters tsu (harbor) and nami (wave). They are often mistakenly called “tidal waves.” However, the tides have nothing to do with the formation of tsunamis.
NOAA
Animation,
Video, Images
|
five minutes to an hour.
While they cannot be seen from the air, or felt aboard an ocean-going ship, tsunamis can cause as great a loss of life and property as their other natural disaster cousins—tornadoes and hurricanes.
The speed at which tsunamis travel depends on the ocean depth. A tsunami can exceed 500 mph in the deep ocean but slows to 20 or 30 mph in the shallow water near land. In less than 24 hours, a tsunami can cross the entire Pacific Ocean.
A tsunami warning system for the West Coast of the U.S. recently was awarded the Gold Medal, the Department of Commerce’s highest award.
“As with any natural hazard, education and warnings are essential,” said Eddie N. Bernard, director of the NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory and first chairman of the Tsunami Hazard Mitigation program, a multi-state, multi-agency effort. “If people know what a tsunami is, what causes it, and what to do in case it happens, fewer lives may be lost.”
Persons caught in the path of a tsunami are at extreme risk from being crushed or struck by debris, or drowning. Children and the elderly are particularly at risk, as they often have less mobility, strength and endurance. Residents are advised to seek higher ground or travel inland to get out of the tsunami’s path.
Part of NOAA’s mission is to understand changes in the Earth’s environment and to provide public safety services.
The NOAA National Weather Service operates two tsunamis warning centers—one each in Hawaii and Alaska. The West Coast/Alaska Tsunami Warning Center was established in 1967 as a result of the 1964 9.2 earthquake in Alaska that left 132 dead—122 of those deaths have been attributed to the tsunami that was generated.
The Pacific Tsunami Warning Center was established in 1948, following the 1946 tsunami in Hawaii that left more than 150 people dead. The PTWC serves as the operational headquarters for the International Tsunami Warning System in the Pacific, working closely with the U.N. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission International Coordination Group to provide timely tsunami warnings to Pacific nations. In December 2001, the center was renamed the Richard H. Hagemeyer Pacific Tsunami Warning Center in honor of the late director of the NOAA National Weather Service Pacific Region who ran the U.S. Tsunami Program for 19 years.
To increase awareness about tsunamis, the NOAA National Weather Service began the voluntary TsunamiReady Community program that helps areas prepare for such events. To date, there are 10 communities in Alaska, Washington, Oregon and California that have met the TsunamiReady criteria.
The Coastal Ocean Program at the NOAA Ocean Service supported development of two tools for dealing with Tsunami Hazards: model-based inundation maps and the deep ocean warning system. Inundation maps, developed by the NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, identify areas that are susceptible to flooding before a tsunami occurs and are used to develop evacuation and land-use plans. The NOAA Ocean Service also operates an extensive network of tide gauges used by the warning centers to determine if a tsunami has been generated.
NOAA is dedicated to enhancing economic security and national safety through the prediction and research of weather and climate-related events and providing environmental stewardship of the nation�s coastal and marine resources. NOAA is part of the U.S. Department of Commerce.
Relevant Web Sites
NOAA Pacific Tsunami Warning Center Bulletins and Map
NOAA Tsunami Page
Deep-ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunamis (DART)
NOAA Water Level Observation Network
NOAA and Tsunamis
NOAA Tsunami Research Program
NOAA TsunamiReady Communities are Prepared
NOAA Tsunami Warning System Receives High Marks
NOAA Leading the Way in Tsunami Research and Education
Media Contact:
Delores Clark in Honolulu, Hawaii, (808) 532-6411; Jana Goldman, NOAA Research, in Silver Spring, Md, (301) 713-2483; or Ann Thomason in Seattle, Wash., (206) 526-6800
http://www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories2004/s2357.htm
NOAA REACTS QUICKLY TO INDONESIAN TSUNAMI
NOAA image of Indonesia tsunami epicenter map.Dec. 26,
2004 �
NOAA scientists acted quickly when a warning was issued
about the powerful undersea earthquake in the Indian Ocean that triggered a
devastating tsunami. Within minutes following an alarm signaling the strong
earthquake, the NOAA Pacific Tsunami Warning Center in Hawaii issued an
information bulletin to nations in the Pacific at 8:14 p.m. EST Saturday,
indicating that a magnitude 8.0 earthquake (later upgraded to magnitude 9.0)
had occurred off the west coast of Northern Sumatra, Indonesia. Because the
earthquake, reported to be one of the strongest in the world in the past 40
years, occurred in the Indian Ocean, not the Pacific, there was no threat of a
tsunami to Hawaii, the West Coast of North America or to other coasts in the
Pacific Basin—the U.S. area of responsibility. (Click NOAA image for larger view of Indonesia
tsunami epicenter map. Click here for high resolution version, which is a large
file. Please credit “NOAA.”)
Within a
few hours of learning of the tsunamis that killed thousands in Indonesia
Saturday night, Vasily Titov, associate director of the Tsunami Inundation
Mapping Efforts, or TIME, at the NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory
in Seattle, Wash., and his counterpart in Japan had created preliminary model
estimates of the event.
A tsunami
is a series of ocean waves generated by any rapid large-scale disturbance of the
sea water. Most tsunamis are generated by earthquakes, but they may also be
caused by volcanic eruptions, landslides, undersea slumps or meteor impacts.
In 1963 the
term "tsunami" was adopted internationally to describe this natural
phenomenon. A Japanese word, it is the combination of the characters tsu
(harbor) and nami (wave). They are often mistakenly called “tidal waves.”
However, the tides have nothing to do with the formation of tsunamis.
NOAA
Animation, Video, Images
NOAA animation of Indonesia tsunami. Click
here for QuickTime movie. Please credit "NOAA.
NOAA animation of Indonesia tsunami
(alternate view QuickTime movie, AVI).
Click here for QuickTime movie of
deployment of NOAA tsunami buoy in the north Pacific in June 2002.
Click here for deployment of the Bottom
Pressure Recorder, BPR, which measures the pressure from the overlying ocean at
a specific site.
Animation of DART system.
Animations of Previous Events
Images of Past Tsunamis
The waves
radiate outward in all directions from the disturbance and can propagate across
entire ocean basins. For example, in 1960, an earthquake in Chile caused a
tsunami that swept across the Pacific to Japan. Tsunami waves are distinguished
from ordinary ocean waves by their great length between peaks, often exceeding
100 miles in the deep ocean, and by the long amount of time between these
peaks, ranging from five minutes to an hour.
While they
cannot be seen from the air, or felt aboard an ocean-going ship, tsunamis can
cause as great a loss of life and property as their other natural disaster
cousins—tornadoes and hurricanes.
The speed
at which tsunamis travel depends on the ocean depth. A tsunami can exceed 500
mph in the deep ocean but slows to 20 or 30 mph in the shallow water near land.
In less than 24 hours, a tsunami can cross the entire Pacific Ocean.
A tsunami
warning system for the West Coast of the U.S. recently was awarded the Gold
Medal, the Department of Commerce’s highest award.
“As with
any natural hazard, education and warnings are essential,” said Eddie N.
Bernard, director of the NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory and first
chairman of the Tsunami Hazard Mitigation program, a multi-state, multi-agency
effort. “If people know what a tsunami is, what causes it, and what to do in
case it happens, fewer lives may be lost.”
Persons
caught in the path of a tsunami are at extreme risk from being crushed or
struck by debris, or drowning. Children and the elderly are particularly at
risk, as they often have less mobility, strength and endurance. Residents are
advised to seek higher ground or travel inland to get out of the tsunami’s
path.
Part of
NOAA’s mission is to understand changes in the Earth’s environment and to
provide public safety services.
The NOAA
National Weather Service operates two tsunamis warning centers—one each in
Hawaii and Alaska. The West Coast/Alaska Tsunami Warning Center was established
in 1967 as a result of the 1964 9.2 earthquake in Alaska that left 132 dead—122
of those deaths have been attributed to the tsunami that was generated.
The Pacific
Tsunami Warning Center was established in 1948, following the 1946 tsunami in
Hawaii that left more than 150 people dead. The PTWC serves as the operational
headquarters for the International Tsunami Warning System in the Pacific,
working closely with the U.N. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission
International Coordination Group to provide timely tsunami warnings to Pacific
nations. In December 2001, the center was renamed the Richard H. Hagemeyer
Pacific Tsunami Warning Center in honor of the late director of the NOAA
National Weather Service Pacific Region who ran the U.S. Tsunami Program for 19
years.
To increase
awareness about tsunamis, the NOAA National Weather Service began the voluntary
TsunamiReady Community program that helps areas prepare for such events. To
date, there are 10 communities in Alaska, Washington, Oregon and California
that have met the TsunamiReady criteria.
The Coastal
Ocean Program at the NOAA Ocean Service supported development of two tools for
dealing with Tsunami Hazards: model-based inundation maps and the deep ocean
warning system. Inundation maps, developed by the NOAA Pacific Marine
Environmental Laboratory, identify areas that are susceptible to flooding
before a tsunami occurs and are used to develop evacuation and land-use plans.
The NOAA Ocean Service also operates an extensive network of tide gauges used
by the warning centers to determine if a tsunami has been generated.
NOAA is
dedicated to enhancing economic security and national safety through the
prediction and research of weather and climate-related events and providing
environmental stewardship of the nation�s coastal and marine resources. NOAA is part of the
U.S. Department of Commerce.
Relevant
Web Sites
NOAA
Pacific Tsunami Warning Center Bulletins and Map
NOAA
Tsunami Page
Deep-ocean
Assessment and Reporting of Tsunamis (DART)
NOAA Water
Level Observation Network
NOAA and
Tsunamis
NOAA
Tsunami Research Program
NOAA
TsunamiReady Communities are Prepared
NOAA
Tsunami Warning System Receives High Marks
NOAA
Leading the Way in Tsunami Research and Education
Media
Contact:
Delores
Clark in Honolulu, Hawaii, (808) 532-6411; Jana Goldman, NOAA Research, in
Silver Spring, Md, (301) 713-2483; or Ann Thomason in Seattle, Wash., (206)
526-6800
Keine Kommentare:
Kommentar veröffentlichen